1)發熱電(dian)纜老化原因:外(wai)力(li)損傷(shang)。由近幾(ji)年的運行(xing)分析來看(kan),尤其是在(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟高(gao)速發展中的海浦(pu)東,現在(zai)(zai)相當多(duo)的電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)故(gu)障都是由于機械(xie)損傷(shang)引(yin)起的。比如:電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)敷(fu)設安裝時不規(gui)范施工,容易造成機械(xie)損傷(shang);在(zai)(zai)直埋電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)上搞土建施工也極易將運行(xing)中的電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)損傷(shang)等。l有時如果損傷(shang)不嚴(yan)(yan)重,要幾(ji)個月甚至(zhi)幾(ji)年才會(hui)導致損傷(shang)部位徹底擊穿(chuan)形成故(gu)障,有時破壞嚴(yan)(yan)重的可能發生(sheng)短(duan)路故(gu)障,直接影響(xiang)電『艤J和用(yong)電單位的安全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)。
2)發熱電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)老(lao)化(hua)原(yuan)因:絕緣受(shou)潮。這種(zhong)情況也很常見,一般發生(sheng)在直埋或排(pai)管里的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭處。比(bi)如(ru):電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭制作不合格和在潮濕的氣(qi)候條件下做接頭,會使接頭進水或混入水蒸氣(qi),時(shi)間久(jiu)r在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用下形成水樹枝,逐漸損(sun)害電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的絕緣強(qiang)度而(er)造成故(gu)障。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)
3)發熱(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)老化(hua)原因:化(hua)學(xue)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)。電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)直(zhi)接(jie)埋在(zai)有酸堿作用的(de)地區(qu),往往會造成電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)鎧裝(zhuang)、鉛皮或(huo)外護(hu)層(ceng)被腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi),保護(hu)層(ceng)因長(chang)期(qi)遭受化(hua)學(xue)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)或(huo)電(dian)(dian)解腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi),致使(shi)保護(hu)層(ceng)失效,絕緣降低,也(ye)會導致電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)故(gu)障(zhang)。化(hua):單位的(de)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)腐(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)情況就相(xiang)當嚴重
4)發熱(re)(re)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)老化(hua)原因(yin):長期(qi)過(guo)負荷運(yun)行(xing)。超負荷運(yun)行(xing),由于電流(liu)的(de)熱(re)(re)效(xiao)應,負載電流(liu)通過(guo)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)時必然導致導體發熱(re)(re),同時電荷的(de)集膚效(xiao)應以及鋼鎧的(de)渦流(liu)損耗、絕緣(yuan)介質損耗也會產乍(zha)附加熱(re)(re)量,從(cong)而使(shi)電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)溫(wen)(wen)度升(sheng)高(gao)。長期(qi)超負荷運(yun)行(xing)時,過(guo)高(gao)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度會加速絕緣(yuan)的(de)老化(hua),以至絕緣(yuan)被擊穿。尤其在(zai)炎熱(re)(re)的(de)夏季(ji),電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)升(sheng)常常導致電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)絕緣(yuan)薄(bo)弱(ruo)處首先被擊穿,因(yin)此在(zai)夏季(ji),電纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)故障也就特別多。
發熱電纜
5)發(fa)(fa)熱(re)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)老化原因:電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭(tou)故(gu)(gu)障。電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭(tou)是電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)線路中最薄弱的環(huan)節,由人員直接過失(施(shi)(shi)工(gong)不(bu)良)引發(fa)(fa)的電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭(tou)故(gu)(gu)障時(shi)常發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)。施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員在制作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)接頭(tou)過程中,如(ru)果(guo)有(you)接頭(tou)壓接不(bu)緊、加熱(re)不(bu)充分等原網,都會導致電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)頭(tou)絕緣降低,從而引發(fa)(fa)事故(gu)(gu)。
6)電(dian)纜(lan)老化原因:環(huan)境(jing)和(he)溫度。電(dian)纜(lan)所(suo)處的(de)外界環(huan)境(jing)和(he)熱源也(ye)會造成電(dian)纜(lan)溫度過(guo)高、絕緣擊穿,甚至爆炸起火。
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